What is the study of how a dependent variable y relates to two or more independent variables called?

The study of how a dependent variable y relates to two or more independent variables is referred to as multiple regression analysis. This method allows researchers to assess the impact of several predictors on a single outcome, emphasizing the relationships among multiple variables simultaneously rather than individually.

In multiple regression analysis, the goal is to identify the strength and nature of the associations between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. This method extends the concept of linear regression, which typically examines the relationship between just one independent variable and the dependent variable. By incorporating multiple independent variables, multiple regression provides a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence the dependent variable.

Additionally, while statistical regression refers to a broader category of methods for analyzing relationships between variables, it does not specifically denote the inclusion of multiple independent variables. Similarly, correlation analysis focuses solely on the degree to which two variables move together and does not account for the influence of additional variables on the dependent outcome. Thus, multiple regression analysis is the correct term for the scenario described in the question.